{"id":672,"date":"2023-09-14T00:28:50","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T16:28:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php\/2024\/12\/24\/%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6-%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e8%80%83%e8%af%81%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3%e8%97%8f%e5%8d%97%e5%92%8c%e4%b8%ad%e5%8d%b0%e8%be%b9%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%8c%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b\/"},"modified":"2024-12-24T23:33:48","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T15:33:48","slug":"%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6-%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e8%80%83%e8%af%81%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3%e8%97%8f%e5%8d%97%e5%92%8c%e4%b8%ad%e5%8d%b0%e8%be%b9%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%8c%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/?p=672","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76 | \u8be6\u7ec6\u8003\u8bc1\uff1a\u6709\u5173\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u548c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u672a\u4e86\u89e3\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba1 20 \u5206\u949f<\/p>

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\u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em>|<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Gourd Wang<\/span><\/section>\n
\u7f16\u8f91<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em>|<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/span>\u8bb8\u4e19\u5357 \u6c5f\u6021<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/section>\n

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\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7528\u6cd5\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u85cf\u5357\u9686\u5b50\u53bf\u6a21\u9e93\u6e29\u6cc9\u7fa4\u6c34\u6587\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u7279\u5f81\u53ca\u6210\u56e0\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76\u300b[19]\u3001\u300a\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u556e\u9f7f\u7c7b\u65b0\u79cd\u2014\u9519\u90a3\u677e\u7530\u9f20\u548c\u65b0\u7eaa\u5f55\u2014\u5251\u7eb9\u5c0f\u793e\u9f20\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u300b[20]\u3001\u300a\u85cf\u5357\u4e9a\u4e1c\u5e15\u91cc\u5730\u533a\u65e9\u6ce5\u76c6\u4e16\u6c89\u79ef\u53ca\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u300b[21]\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
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<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4ee5\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4ee3\u6307\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u6765<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e00\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u6743\u5a01\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e89\u8bae\u548c1962\u5e74\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u4e2d\u6587\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5185\u7ef4\u5c14\u00b7\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u7ef4\u5c14\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u5bf9\u534e\u6218\u4e89\u300b<\/span>[22]\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e1971\u5e74\uff09\u548c\u519b\u4e8b\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7b49\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\u81ea\u536b\u53cd\u51fb\u4f5c\u6218\u53f2\u300b<\/span>[23]\uff08\u6210\u4e66\u4e8e1991~1993\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u5bf9\u534e\u6218\u4e89\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u897f\u85cf\u5357\u90e8\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6307\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u6c5f\u5b5c\u3001\u4e9a\u4e1c\u7b49\u5730\uff08\u5386\u53f2\u5f15\u8a00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6307\u4ee3\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\u5e76\u65e0\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\u81ea\u536b\u53cd\u51fb\u4f5c\u6218\u53f2\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u5357\u90e8\/\u897f\u85cf\u4e1c\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8282\uff09\u6216\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u201d\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\uff09\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u6743\u5a01\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5bf9\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u4ecd\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u6216\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4ee3\u6307\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\u800c\u975e\u4e2d\u5370\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

\n
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\uff08\u4e8c\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u65e9\u671f\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8457\u540d\u76841959\u5e749\u67088\u65e5\u4fe1\u4e2d[24]\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5c06\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u540c\u5e7412\u670826\u65e5\u7684\u7167\u4f1a\u4e2d[25]\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4ece\u6240\u8c13\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u5230\u559c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u5c71\u5357\u9e93\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u56fe\u6240\u6807\u660e\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u7ebf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u95e8\u9685\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9519\u90a3\u7b49\u5730\uff09\u3001\u73de\u745c\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u58a8\u8131\u7b49\u5730\uff09\u3001\u4e0b\u5bdf\u9685\uff08\u662f\u5bdf\u9685\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u7406\u5355\u5143\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1962\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u5370\u6b66\u88c5\u51b2\u7a81\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u5468\u6069\u6765\u572811\u670815\u65e5\u81f4\u4e9a\u975e\u56fd\u5bb6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1[26]\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5c06\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317\u7684\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff08\u7b2c228\u9875\uff09\u548c\u201c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e60\u60ef\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5317\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u571f\u201d\uff08\u7b2c230\u9875\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u548c\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u4ef6\u5747\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u51c6\u786e\u628a\u63e1\u5b98\u65b9\u63aa\u8f9e\u548c\u63d0\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ece\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u8868\u6001\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u957f\u671f\u5c06\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u59822012\u5e742\u670825\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u6d2a\u78ca\u5c31\u5370\u5ea6\u5b98\u5458\u6709\u5173\u8a00\u8bba\u7b54\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f[27]\u30012015\u5e742\u6708\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u5218\u632f\u6c11\u5c31\u5370\u5ea6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5230\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e25\u6b63\u4ea4\u6d89\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f[28]\u30012017\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u534e\u6625\u83b9\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f[29]\uff1b\u6216\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u59822017\u5e743\u67083\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u803f\u723d\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f[30]\u30012017\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9646\u6177\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u7a3f[31]\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
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\uff08\u4e09\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

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\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/h3>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ece\u77e5\u7f51\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6536\u5f55\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e89\u7aef\u3001\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\u5c40\u52bf\u626f\u4e0a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52302009\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u89c1\u4e8e\u300a\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u5883\uff1a\u5370\u91cd\u5175\u5e03\u9632\u2014\u2014\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u5175\u4e2d\u56fd\u85cf\u5357\uff0c\u9891\u9891\u5236\u9020\u8bdd\u9898\u548c\u4e8b\u7aef\u300b[32]\u3001\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u589e\u5175\u85cf\u5357\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u653f\u6cbb\u68cb\u300b[33]\u3001\u300a\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201c\u519b\u4e8b\u5931\u8861\u201d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e94\u5bf9\u300b[34]\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u589e\u5175\u85cf\u5357\uff0c\u4e00\u6b65\u653f\u6cbb\u68cb\u300b\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u963f\u9c81\u7eb3\u6070\u5c14\u90a6\u201d\u5373\u6211\u56fd\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u9646\u5e7f\u6d4e\u5728\u300a\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u5f52\u5c5e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u9014\u5f84\u7684\u63a2\u6c42\u300b<\/span>[35]\u4e2d\uff0c\u90b1\u7f8e\u8363\u5728\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u5728\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e89\u7aef\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u52a8\u5411\u300b<\/span>[36]\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u5c06\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff08\u9646\u6587\uff09\u6216\u201c\u5370\u5360\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\uff08\u90b1\u6587\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u79f0\u547c\u4e2d\u5370\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u6700\u65e9\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff08\u6b64\u524d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4e09\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5747\u4e3a\u62a5\u7eb8\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u6027\u520a\u7269\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9646\u6587\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5f15\u8bc1\u6587\u732e\u6216\u6765\u6e90\uff1b\u800c\u90b1\u6587\u4e2d\u8bf4\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7528\u2018\u85cf\u5357\u2019\u4e00\u8bcd\u79f0\u547c\u5370\u5ea6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u2018\u963f\u9c81\u7eb3\u6070\u5c14\u90a6\u2019\u201d\u65f6\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u6765\u6e90\u4e3a2009\u5e7410\u670814\u65e5\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u9738\u6743\u7ee7\u7eed\u635f\u5bb3\u4e0e\u5468\u8fb9\u90bb\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u7b14\u8005\u68c0\u7d22\u4e86\u5f53\u65e5\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u65e5\u62a5\u300b\u540e\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u6b64\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7b14\u8005\u5c06\u6536\u96c6\u8303\u56f4\u6269\u5927\u5230\u77e5\u7f51\u6536\u5f55\u62a5\u520a\u4ee5\u5916\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u5728\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u8be5\u62a52008\u5e7411\u670811\u65e5\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u5916\u957f\u518d\u6b21\u5ba3\u79f0\u5bf9\u85cf\u5357\u8fbe\u65fa\u5730\u533a\u62e5\u6709\u4e3b\u6743\u300b\u4e00\u6587[37]\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8be5\u6587\u6b63\u6587\u5e76\u672a\u63d0\u53ca\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8fbe\u65fa\u5730\u533a\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7edf\u79f0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5230\u4e862009\u5e746\u670810\u65e5\u300a\u4e13\u5bb6\u79f0\u5370\u5ea6\u589e\u5175\u4e2d\u56fd\u85cf\u5357\u5bf9\u8fb9\u5883\u8c08\u5224\u65e0\u76ca\u300b\u4e00\u6587[38]\u4e2d\uff0c\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u2018\u963f\u9c81\u7eb3\u6070\u5c14\u90a6\u2018\uff08\u5373\u4e2d\u56fd\u85cf\u5357\uff09\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u660e\u786e\u5c06\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5370\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u753b\u4e0a\u4e86\u7b49\u53f7\u3002\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u9891\u7e41\u6311\u8845\u4e2d\u65b9\u4e3b\u6743\u6fc0\u6012\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u6c11\u300b\u4e00\u6587[39]\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u57282009\u5e749\u6708[40]\u300110\u6708[41]\u300111\u6708[42]\uff0c[43]\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bf4\u6cd5\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd8\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c11\u6708\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u8d85\u8fc76000\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5a92\u4f53\u5f15\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u540c\u65e5\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\u4e0e\u5176\u5171\u540c\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u65f6\u4efb\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9a6c\u671d\u65ed\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u4ecd\u662f\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u5730\u533a\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5dee\u5f02\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u95e8\u4e0e\u5a92\u4f53\u5ba3\u4f20\u90e8\u95e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u8bcd\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
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\n
\n
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\uff08\u56db\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u63d0\u6cd5\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u5165\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u8868\u8ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5982\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u81ea2009\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u5ba3\u4f20\u90e8\u95e8\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u79f0\u547c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u95e8\u81f32017\u5e74\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u5730\u533a\u201d\u6216\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u201d\u3002\u76f4\u52304\u670819\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9646\u6177\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u56de\u7b54\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u5730\u533a\/\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\u201d[44]\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u63d0\u95ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u8bb0\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0[45]\uff0c\u4f46\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u76f4\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u672c\u6b21\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u624d\u5728\u56de\u7b54\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u8868\u8ff0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4fc3\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u6001\u5ea6\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u90e82017\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u516c\u544a[46]\uff08\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u589e\u8865\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u516c\u5f00\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u540d\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\uff09\u7684\u516c\u544a\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b14\u8005\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u65b9\u9762\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u6765\u7279\u6307\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\uff082017\u5e745\u670824\u65e5[47]\u30012020\u5e742\u670820\u65e5[48]\u30012020\u5e749\u67087\u65e5[49]\u30012021\u5e741\u670821\u65e5[50]\u30012021\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5[51]\u30012022\u5e741\u670821\u65e5[52]\u30012023\u5e744\u67084\u65e5[53]\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
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\uff08\u4e94\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n
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\u8bd5\u8003\u8bc1\u4e2d\u6587\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u51fa\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u6700\u65e9\u8fdb\u5165\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u89c6\u754c\u76842008\u52302009\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5PC\u5e73\u53f0\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u7f51\u6c11\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u666e\u904d\u9014\u5f84\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u95e8\u6237\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5b98\u65b9\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u5e73\u53f0\uff09\u3001\u8bba\u575b\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8d34\u5427\u7b49\u5e73\u53f0\uff09\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u535a\u5ba2\u3001\u767e\u79d1\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u767e\u5ea6\u3001\u7ef4\u57fa\uff09\u3002\u95e8\u6237\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6536\u5f55\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u57fa\u672c\u4ee5\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u8d44\u8baf\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ff0\u53ca\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u535a\u5ba2\u3001\u767e\u79d1\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

\n5.1 \u8bba\u575b\u4e0e\u535a\u5ba2\u8303\u56f4\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\n<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4e2d\u6587\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8bba\u575b\u548c\u535a\u5ba2\u5747\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u975e\u76c8\u5229\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u622a\u6b62\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7ad9\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\uff08\u6216\u53d7\u5230\u56fd\u5185\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7ba1\u7406\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u5173\u95ed\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6316\u6398\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u6062\u590d\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u539f\u8c8c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u4ecd\u80fd\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7bc7\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/h5>\n
\n5.1.1 \u6708\u5149\u535a\u5ba2\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u535a\u6587<\/span>
\n<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u535a\u5ba2\u4e8e2005\u5e741\u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff08\u7b80\u4ecb\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e2004\u5e7410\u670810\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u622a\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\uff082023\u5e749\u6708\uff09\u4e00\u76f4\u7ef4\u6301\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u5728\u5176\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u535a\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u4e0e\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u300aGoogle\u5730\u56fe\u56fd\u754c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u300b[54]\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e2007\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\uff09\u548c\u300a\u4f24\u5fc3\u85cf\u5357\u300b[55]\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e2006\u5e744\u670811\u65e5\uff09\u3002\u5176\u53d1\u5e03\u65e5\u671f\u5747\u65e9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u5a92\u4f53\u5c06\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u5b9a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u53d7\u56fd\u5185\u5f71\u54cd\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

2007\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c9\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u85cf\u5357\u88ab\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u9886\u571f\u2026\u2026\u5370\u5ea6\u65e9\u5df2\u5c06\u85cf\u5357\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u963f\u9c81\u7eb3\u6070\u5c14\u90a6\u201d\u30022006\u5e744\u670811\u65e5\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u6839\u636e\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u2018\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u2019\u800c\u88ab\u5370\u5ea6\u7a83\u636e\u7684\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u535a\u5ba2\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

5.1.2 \u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7f51\u520a\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0<\/span><\/h5>\n

<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u72ec\u6709\u5076\uff0c\u5728\u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7f51\u520a\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u7f72\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u626a\u8671\u67ad\u96c4\u201d\u3001\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u4e3a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8fa9\u62a4\u4e4b\u8bc4\u4e2d\u5370\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u7684\u85cf\u5357\u95ee\u9898\u300b\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e2006\u5e741\u670814\u65e5\u7684\u4e13\u680f\u6587\u7ae0[56]\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fdb\u519b\u85cf\u5357\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6253\u4e00\u573a\u5168\u9762\u6218\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7edd\u975e\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u300a\u4f24\u5fc3\u85cf\u5357\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u8ff0\u6216\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u57282006\u5e741\u6708\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7f51\u520a\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u7b14\u8005\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

5.1.3 \u897f\u897f\u6cb3\u8bba\u575b\u7684\u5e16\u5b50\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u85cf\u5357\uff08\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\u53ca\u516d\u4e8c\u5e74\u5bf9\u5370\u6218\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7f51\u53cb\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u603b\u7ed3\u300b<\/span><\/h5>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u7b14\u8005\u5373\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u641c\u7d22\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5076\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e4\u8001\u8bba\u575b\u2014\u2014\u897f\u897f\u6cb3\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u5e16\u5b50\uff1a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u85cf\u5357\uff08\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\u53ca\u516d\u4e8c\u5e74\u5bf9\u5370\u6218\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7f51\u53cb\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u603b\u7ed3\u300b[57]\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e2005\u5e745\u6708\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u5373\u201c\u73b0\u5370\u63a7\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6e05\u671d\u3001\u6c11\u56fd\u3001\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u4e0e1962\u5e74\u4e2d\u5370\u6b66\u88c5\u51b2\u7a81\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5256\u6790\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u5f15\u8bc1\u6765\u6e90\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u8d44\u6599\u6db5\u76d6\u4e2d\u5916\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6d0b\u6d0b\u6d12\u6d12\u6570\u4e07\u5b57\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u4e2d\u6587\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e89\u8bae\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u9ad8\u5cf0\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u70ed\u5ea6\u8d85\u8d8a\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u6700\u521d\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ee4\u4eba\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u8d34\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6570\u4e2a\u5929\u6daf\u8bba\u575b\u793e\u533a\u5e16\u5b50\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u56e0\u4e3a\u5929\u6daf\u793e\u533a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

5.2 \u767e\u79d1\u7f51\u7ad9\u8303\u56f4\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/h4>\n

<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u535a\u5ba2\u7b49\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u767e\u79d1\u7f51\u7ad9\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u8bcd\u6761[58]\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u662f2008\u5e7411\u670811\u65e5\u3002\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u8bcd\u6761[59]\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u662f2006\u5e741\u67083\u65e5\u3002\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u9664\u767e\u79d1\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bcd\u6761\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bc1\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

1. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u539f\u6307\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u8f96\u533a\u5185\u96c5\u9c81\u85cf\u5e03\u6c5f\u6cb3\u8c37\u6d41\u57df\u53ca\u90e8\u5206\u5468\u8fb9\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7279\u6307\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

2.<\/span><\/strong><\/span> \u4ee5\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u4ee3\u6307\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e2d\u6587\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bba\u575b\/\u535a\u5ba2\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6b64\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u81f3\u8fdf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e2005\u5e74\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u6700\u5e7f\u7684\u5e16\u5b50\u4e3a\u897f\u897f\u6cb3\u8bba\u575b\uff08\u9752\u53f2\u5fae\u8a00\u7248\u5757\uff09\u548c\u5929\u6daf\u793e\u533a\u8bba\u575b\uff08\u716e\u9152\u8bba\u53f2\u7248\u5757\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6392\u9664\u6b64\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u65e0\u6cd5\u8003\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

3.<\/span><\/strong><\/span> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e16\u5b50\u5728\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u535a\u5ba2\u3001\u4e13\u680f\u7b49\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u6563\uff0c2008\u5e74\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u8bcd\u6761\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u5176\u4f20\u64ad\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u81f32008\u5e74\u672b\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u8fbe\u65fa\u5730\u533a\u201d\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

4.<\/span><\/strong><\/span> \u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u300a\u73af\u7403\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u57282009\u5e74\u76f8\u5173\u62a5\u9053\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u201d\u4ee3\u6307\u5370\u5ea6\u201c\u963f\u9c81\u7eb3\u6070\u5c14\u90a6\u201d\u7684\u6211\u56fd\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u610f\u5b17\u53d8\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ece\u79c1\u57df\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u79ef\u6781\u8f6c\u8f7d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u62a5\u9053\u5c06\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u5b17\u53d8\u540e\u7684\u8bcd\u610f\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u6269\u6563\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

5. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u5ba3\u4f20\u673a\u6784\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u5b17\u53d8\u540e\u7684\u8bcd\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u52302017\u5e74\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ecd\u575a\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u7b49\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u5176\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bcd\u610f\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u662f\u6c11\u653f\u90e82017\u5e744\u6708\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u7b2c404\u53f7\u516c\u544a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u589e\u8865\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u516c\u5f00\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u540d\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\uff09\u7684\u516c\u544a\u300b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

6. <\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u81ea\u6b64\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u79c1\u57df\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff08\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u535a\u5ba2\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u4ea4\u5e73\u53f0\uff09\u5747\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u85cf\u5357\u201d\u7684\u5b17\u53d8\u8bcd\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5176\u539f\u610f\u4ecd\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u520a\u7269\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u7559\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

[1]\u6768\u52e4\u4e1a, \u90d1\u5ea6. \u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u85cf\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e1b\u4e66\u2014\u897f\u85cf\u5730\u7406[M\/OL], \u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u85cf\u7f51, (2012-06-18)[2023-09-13]. http:\/\/www.tibet.cn\/xzbk\/xzdl\/zrdlq\/201206\/t20120618_1753423.html.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[2]\u5f20\u6606. \u897f\u85cf\u7ef5\u7f8a\u53ca\u7f8a\u6bdb\u54c1\u8d28\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u755c\u7267\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7, 1957(03):108-114.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[3]\u6797\u7965. \u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u8ff9\u8c61[J].\u6c14\u8c61, 1975(09):10-11.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[4]\u738b\u82e5\u534e. \u85cf\u5357\u7ea2\u65d7\u533a\u9ad8\u6e29\u6a44\u6984\u5ca9\u4f53\u53ca\u94ec\u94c1\u77ff\u4f53\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76[J]. \u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u8d28\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u62a5, 1983(01):37-48.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[5]\u5434\u6d69\u82e5, \u674e\u7ea2\u751f. \u85cf\u5357\u5b97\u5353\u7ec4\u6ed1\u584c\u5806\u79ef\u4e2d\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u866b\u5316\u77f3[J]. \u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u62a5, 1982(01):64-72.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[6]\u5b89\u65b0\u56fa. \u8bd5\u8bba\u85cf\u5357\u6cb3\u8c37\u5730\u533a\u7684\u519c\u7267\u6797\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u8bf8\u95ee\u9898[J]. \u897f\u85cf\u7814\u7a76, 1982(01).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[7]\u949f\u534e\u5e73. \u85cf\u5357\u8c37\u5730\u9972\u8349\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u5176\u5229\u7528[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u8349\u5730, 1991(05):67-69.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[8]\u5b5f\u4ee4\u987a. \u85cf\u5357\u8042\u62c9\u6728\u2014\u95e8\u5e03\u91cd\u529b\u5256\u9762\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u5730\u8d28\u89e3\u91ca[J]. \u957f\u6625\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5, 1983(03):153-162.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[9]\u82b6\u5b97\u6d77. \u85cf\u5357\u73e0\u5cf0\u5730\u533a\u665a\u4f8f\u7f57\u4e16\u96cf\u86e4(Buchia)\u52a8\u7269\u7fa4[J]. \u6210\u90fd\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5, 1984(02):21-32.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[10]\u970d\u5dcd, \u674e\u6c38\u5baa. \u85cf\u5357\u5409\u9686\u5d16\u846c\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76 [J]. \u5357\u65b9\u6c11\u65cf\u8003\u53e4, 1991:271-286.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[11]\u4f59\u5149\u660e, \u5218\u5b9d\u73fa, \u9648\u6210\u751f. \u85cf\u5357\u65e5\u5580\u5219\u7fa4\u590d\u7406\u77f3\u7684\u5c42\u5e8f\u3001\u6c89\u79ef\u6d41\u4f53\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6c89\u79ef\u6a21\u5f0f\u5206\u6790[J]. \u5ca9\u76f8\u53e4\u5730\u7406, 1993(02):1-12.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[12]\u848b\u5fd7\u52c7, \u6b21\u4ec1\u987f\u73e0, \u624e\u897f\u6851\u73e0, \u7b49. 1992\u5e74\u85cf\u53575\u53bf\u52a8\u7269\u9f20\u75ab\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u76d1\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790[J]. \u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u65b9\u75c5\u9632\u6cbb\u6742\u5fd7, 1994(03):183-184.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[13]\u9ec4\u7acb\u8a00, \u5362\u5fb7\u6e90, \u8d75\u6587\u6d25, \u7b49. \u85cf\u5357\u5e15\u91cc\u81f3\u8fbe\u5409\u5730\u5e26\u7684\u4e0a\u5730\u58f3\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\u2500\u2500REFTEK\u987a\u5e26\u5e7f\u89d2\u5730\u9707\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u6790[J]. \u5730\u7403\u5b66\u62a5, 1996(02).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[14]\u8463\u7389\u7965. \u85cf\u5357\u6e29\u5e26\u534a\u5e72\u65f1\u519c\u7267\u533a\u6c99\u6f20\u5316\u73b0\u72b6\u4e0e\u6210\u56e0\u7814\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u624e\u56ca\u53bf\u4e3a\u4f8b[J]. \u8d44\u6e90\u79d1\u5b66, 1999(01).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[15]\u674e\u7965\u8f89, \u738b\u6210\u5584, \u4e07\u6653\u6a35, \u7b49. \u85cf\u5357\u6c5f\u5b5c\u53bf\u5e8a\u5f97\u5256\u9762\u4f8f\u7f57-\u767d\u57a9\u7eaa\u5730\u5c42\u5c42\u5e8f\u53ca\u5730\u5c42\u5212\u5206[J]. \u5730\u5c42\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7, 1999(04):303-309.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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[17]\u738b\u7389\u9759, \u6768\u7fa4, \u677e\u5188\u7b03, \u7b49. \u85cf\u5357\u6cfd\u5f53\u96c5\u9c81\u85cf\u5e03\u7f1d\u5408\u5e26\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u53e0\u7eaa\u653e\u5c04\u866b[J]. \u5fae\u4f53\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u62a5, 2002(03):215-225.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[18]\u9648\u4fca\u5175, \u5f90\u5174\u6c38, \u674e\u6587\u5e86, \u7b49. \u85cf\u5357\u5eb7\u9a6c\u5730\u533a\u77f3\u70ad\u7cfb\u2014\u4e8c\u53e0\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55[J]. \u73b0\u4ee3\u5730\u8d28, 2002(03):237-242.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[19]\u5468\u9e4f, \u5b59\u660e\u9732, \u5f20\u4e91\u8f89, \u7b49. \u85cf\u5357\u9686\u5b50\u53bf\u6a21\u9e93\u6e29\u6cc9\u7fa4\u6c34\u6587\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u7279\u5f81\u53ca\u6210\u56e0\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76[J]. \u6c89\u79ef\u4e0e\u7279\u63d0\u65af\u5730\u8d28, 2023, 43(02):322-339.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[20]\u5218\u6069\u7855. \u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u556e\u9f7f\u7c7b\u65b0\u79cd\u2014\u9519\u90a3\u677e\u7530\u9f20\u548c\u65b0\u7eaa\u5f55\u2014\u5251\u7eb9\u5c0f\u793e\u9f20\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b66\u7814\u7a76[D]. \u8d35\u9633: \u8d35\u5dde\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66, 2023.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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[25]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u516c\u62a5[J]. 1959(30):579.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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[27]\u6d2a\u78ca. \u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u6d2a\u78ca\u5c31\u5370\u5ea6\u5b98\u5458\u6709\u5173\u8a00\u8bba\u7b54\u8bb0\u8005\u95ee[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8,
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[28]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. \u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u5218\u632f\u6c11\u5c31\u5370\u5ea6\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5230\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\u4e1c\u6bb5\u4e89\u8bae\u533a\u6d3b\u52a8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e25\u6b63\u4ea4\u6d89[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8,
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[29]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2017\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u534e\u6625\u83b9\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2017(2017-04-05)[2023-09-13].\u00a0https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201704\/t20170405_5414680.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[30]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2017\u5e743\u67083\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u803f\u723d\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2017(2017-03-03)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201703\/t20170303_5414566.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[31]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2017\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9646\u6177\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2017(2017-03-31)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201703\/t20170331_5414675.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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[43]\u738b\u542f\u8d85. \u5370\u5a92\u62ab\u9732\u5370\u5ea6\u6b63\u6084\u6084\u5411\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u589e\u5175\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e08[N\/OL]. \u73af\u7403\u7f51, (2009-11-12)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/m.huanqiu.com\/article\/9CaKrnJmDZd.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[44]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2017\u5e744\u670819\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9646\u6177\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2017(2017-04-19)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201704\/t20170419_5414734.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[45]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2016\u5e7411\u670818\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u803f\u723d\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2016(2016-11-18)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201611\/t20161118_5414164.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[46]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u90e8. \u5173\u4e8e\u589e\u8865\u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a\u516c\u5f00\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u540d\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\uff09\u7684\u516c\u544a\uff08\u7b2c404\u53f7\uff09[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, [2023-09-13]. http:\/\/svideo.mfa.gov.cn\/wjb_673085\/zzjg_673183\/bjhysws_674671\/bhflfg\/dtdmxgfl\/202303\/P020230313585384911864.pdf.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[47]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2017\u5e745\u670824\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u9646\u6177\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2017(2017-05-24)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/201705\/t20170524_5414871.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[48]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2020\u5e742\u670820\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u803f\u723d\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2020(2020-02-20)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202002\/t20200220_5418630.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[49]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2020\u5e749\u67087\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u8d75\u7acb\u575a\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2020(2020-09-07)[2023-09-13]. http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202009\/t20200907_5419315.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[50]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2021\u5e741\u670821\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u534e\u6625\u83b9\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2021(2021-01-21)[2023-09-13]. http:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202101\/t20210121_5419764.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[51]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2021\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u8d75\u7acb\u575a\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2021(2021-12-31)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202112\/t20211231_10478030.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[52]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2022\u5e741\u670821\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u8d75\u7acb\u575a\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2022(2022-01-21)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202201\/t20220121_10631768.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[53]\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8. 2023\u5e744\u67084\u65e5\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u6bdb\u5b81\u4e3b\u6301\u4f8b\u884c\u8bb0\u8005\u4f1a[EB\/OL]. \u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8, 2023(2023-04-04)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.mfa.gov.cn\/web\/fyrbt_673021\/jzhsl_673025\/202304\/t20230404_11054242.shtml.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[54]\u6708\u5149. Google\u5730\u56fe\u56fd\u754c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c[EB\/OL].\u6708\u5149\u535a\u5ba2, 2007(2007-06-06)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.williamlong.info\/archives\/918.html.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[55]\u6708\u5149. \u4f24\u5fc3\u85cf\u5357[EB\/OL]. \u6708\u5149\u535a\u5ba2, 2006(2006-04-11)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.williamlong.info\/archives\/468.html.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[56]\u626a\u8671\u67ad\u96c4. \u4e3a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8fa9\u62a4\u4e4b\u8bc4\u4e2d\u5370\u6218\u4e89\u540e\u7684\u85cf\u5357\u95ee\u9898[EB\/OL]. \u4e4c\u6709\u4e4b\u4e61\u7f51\u520a,
\n2006(2006-01-14)[2023-09-13]. http:\/\/www.wyzxwk.com\/Article\/lishi\/2009\/09\/4264.html.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[57]\u9ed1\u5c9b\u4eba. \u5173\u4e8e\u85cf\u5357\uff08\u4e2d\u5370\u8fb9\u754c\uff09\u53ca\u516d\u4e8c\u5e74\u5bf9\u5370\u6218\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7f51\u53cb\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u603b\u7ed3[EB\/OL]. \u897f\u897f\u6cb3\u8bba\u575b,
\n2005(2005-05-16)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/www.cchere.net\/thread\/395370-4805\/.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[58]\u767e\u5ea6\u767e\u79d1. \u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a[EB\/OL].
\n(2023-09-04)[2023-09-13]. https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/historylist\/%E8%97%8F%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA\/5372008#page1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

[59]\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1. \u85cf\u5357\u5730\u533a[EB\/OL].
\n[2023-09-13].<\/span><\/p>\n


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\u672c\u6587\u51711126\u5b57\u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba13\u5206\u949f\u4f5c\u8005\u00a0|\u00a0\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5c0f\u599e\u7f16\u8f91\u00a0|\u00a0\u8bb8\u4e19\u5357 \u6c5f\u6021 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u201c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5c0f\u599e\u201d \u53c2\u8003\u6d88\u606f\u7f5110\u670818\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u636e\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7f51\u7ad910\u670818\u65e5\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u4ee3\u592b\u5f53\u9009\u603b\u7edf\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u7a46\u4f0a\u5179\u5c06\u575a\u6301\u7ade\u9009\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u628a\u5370\u5ea6\u519b\u4eba\u8d76\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7…<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba1 20 \u5206\u949f \u672c\u6587\u517110088\u5b57 \u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba1 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-6","category-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=672"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":673,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/672\/revisions\/673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/147227.xyz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}